Transformer oil: a key element for the reliability and service life of transformers
One of the most important factors affecting the reliable operation and service life of transformers is transformer oil. This unobtrusive but extremely important component performs a number of key functions, from cooling and insulation to protection against oxidation and moisture. It is the invisible hero behind the reliability of every modern transformer.
Transformer oil plays an indispensable role in the operation of the equipment
One of the key tasks of transformer oil is to ensure electrical insulation. The oil prevents electrical discharges and short circuits that could damage the transformer or jeopardize its operation. The basic parameter that determines the insulating ability of the oil is the dielectric strength, which expresses how high a voltage the oil can withstand.
Pri prevádzke transformátora vzniká vo vinutí a v jadre značné množstvo tepla. Transformátorový olej efektívne toto teplo odvádza, čím zabraňuje prehrievaniu. Zabezpečuje rovnomerné chladenie, a priamo tak ovplyvňuje výkon transformátora a predlžuje jeho životnosť.
It acts as a protective shield against external influences, especially moisture and oxidation. However, moisture in the oil itself could reduce its insulating properties and cause corrosion. However, the chemical stability of the oil will ensure that it retains its properties even after prolonged use.
The selection of suitable transformer oil depends on the type of transformer
Mineral oils are the most commonly used type of insulating fluids in power equipment . They are distinguished by their high dielectric strength, good cooling properties and availability at a favourable price. They are used in conventional power and distribution transformers because they provide an optimum quality-to-cost ratio.
Silicone oils are used wherever increased demands are placed on heat resistance and safety, for example in building interiors, densely populated areas or special transformers . They have high thermal stability, low flammability and long service life without significant degradation.
Ekologickú a udržateľnú alternatívu k minerálnym olejom predstavujú rastlinné oleje na báze prírodných esterov. Ich význam v posledných rokoch rýchlo rastie aj vďaka ich vysokej biologickej odbúrateľnosti. Umožňujú transformátorom pracovať pri vyšších teplotách bez zníženia ich životnosti.
Transformer oil care greatly reduces the risk of breakdowns
Transformer oil naturally ages and its properties change. It is therefore regularly analysed under laboratory conditions. Dielectric strength, water content, oil acidity and gas content are monitored. The frequency of oil inspection is specified in the manufacturer’s technical prescription supplied with each transformer.
If the tests show an increased content of impurities, water or gases, the oil can be cleaned by filtration or vacuum drying. In the case of more advanced degradation , oil regeneration is an effective solution , using special absorbent materials to remove degradation products and acids. The result is a restoration of the oil’s properties, which represents an economical and environmentally friendly alternative to a complete oil change.
A complete transformer oil change is justified in cases where the oil can no longer be regenerated or in the case of major equipment refurbishments. Replacement is carried out under controlled conditions with emphasis on cleanliness, proper venting and adherence to the technological procedure. Great emphasis is also placed on the ecological disposal of used oil.
Transformer oil is an indispensable element in the construction and operation of transformers
Its insulating ability, cooling efficiency and protective properties have a direct impact on the reliability, safety and service life of any equipment. Regular maintenance, rigorous testing and selection of the right type of oil are key steps to ensure that the transformer serves trouble-free for decades.
V BEZ TRANSFORMÁTORY we are fully aware of the importance of every detail and transformer oil is no exception. In the manufacture and maintenance of our equipment, we place emphasis on the quality of materials, precision engineering processes and long-term reliability. The oil we use is carefully tested and service processes optimised according to the latest trends and standards.
